Colon cancer - Diagnosis

Screening for cancer is the most important thing you can do. Once you notice symptoms, it is probably too late! If it is found in the early stages you have a great chance for recovery.

How will your doctor screen for cancer?

Fecal Occult Blood Test: This is a special card coated with a small amount of stool and returned to your doctor. This test looks for occult (hidden) blood. This should be performed every 1-2 years in people between the ages of 50-80 years.
Sigmoidoscopy: This is a thin flexible tube with a light which allows your doctor to examine the inside of your colon for polyps, tumors and other abnormalities. This should be done on a regular basis after the age of 50. While there is not enough data to determine exactly what the interval should be the American Cancer Society recommends every 3-5 years starting at age 50.
Digital Rectal Examination: The examination of the rectum by a gloved hand DOES NOT appear to decrease mortality from colorectal cancer.
Barium Enema: A liquid containing barium is put into the rectum via the anus. This may be effective in detecting large polyps and cancers. Recommended interval is every 3-5 years.
Colonoscopy: This is similar to a Sigmoidoscopy, except the entire colon is examined. This procedure is the most effective method of examining the colon. It is generally recommended that this be performed every 10 years.